The Bombay Blood Group, also known as the Bombay Phenotype, is a rare blood group that is found only in India. This blood group was first discovered in Bombay (now Mumbai) in 1952 by Dr. Y.M. Bhende, which is why it is named after the city. Unlike the more common blood groups like A, B, O, and AB, the Bombay Blood Group is much rarer.
Unique Genetic Mutation Defines Rare Bombay Blood Group, Challenging ABO Classification
It is characterized by the absence of H antigen, which is present in other blood groups. Individuals with the Bombay Blood Group lack the ability to produce the H antigen, which is essential for the formation of A, B, and AB antigens.
As a result, their blood cannot be classified into the ABO blood group system. The rarity of the Bombay Blood Group is attributed to the unique genetic mutation that causes the absence of the H antigen. It is estimated that only about 0.04% of the Indian population has the Bombay Blood Group, making it extremely rare.
To put it into perspective, for every 10 million people, only about four individuals are likely to have this blood group. One of the significant implications of having the Bombay Blood Group is that individuals with this blood type can only receive blood from other Bombay Blood Group donors. Conversely, their blood cannot be transfused to individuals with other blood groups.
Urgent Need for Awareness and Blood Donation: Rare Bombay Blood Group Poses Challenges in Emergencies
This presents a challenge in emergencies when blood transfusions are needed. Given its rarity, it is essential for individuals to know their blood type to ensure timely access to compatible blood in case of emergencies. Blood donation drives often emphasize the importance of donating blood to save lives, highlighting the critical role that blood donors play in helping individuals with rare blood types like the Bombay Blood Group.
In Mumbai, where only about 0.01% of the population has this blood group, awareness about the Bombay Blood Group and the need for blood donation is particularly crucial. By donating blood, individuals can contribute to saving lives and supporting those in need, especially those with rare blood types like the Bombay Blood Group.